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How to Determine When to Replace a Sub-Zero Refrigerator or Freezer Compressor

Sub-Zero refrigerators and freezers are known for their durability and high-quality performance, but even the best appliances may require a compressor replacement over time. The compressor is the heart of your refrigeration system, and if it starts to fail, your unit may not cool properly or at all. Below is a step-by-step guide to help you identify when your Sub-Zero compressor needs to be replaced and how to find the right replacement part.

Check These First: Clean Condenser Coils & Working Fan Before Diagnosing a Compressor

Before diagnosing a compressor issue, ensure that your Sub-Zero condenser coils are clean and the condenser fan motor is operating properly. A dirty condenser or a malfunctioning fan can cause the compressor to overheat and work inefficiently, leading to symptoms that may mimic compressor failure. The condenser fan helps dissipate heat from the compressor—if it stops working, the compressor may overheat and shut down prematurely.
Check out our guide on diagnosing Sub-Zero cooling issues, including how to test the compressor fan motor: Sub-Zero Condenser Fan Motor Diagnostics.
If your Sub-Zero condenser coils are clean and the fan motor is running correctly, but your refrigerator is still not cooling properly, continue with the steps below to determine if your compressor needs replacement. Ignoring these issues may lead to misdiagnosing compressor failure.

Signs That Your Sub-Zero Compressor Needs Replacement

1. Refrigerator or Freezer Is Not Cooling Properly
If your Sub-Zero appliance is running but not maintaining the correct temperature, this could be a sign of a failing compressor. You can check the temperature using a refrigerator thermometer:
  • Ideal refrigerator temperature: 36-38°F (2-3°C)
  • Ideal freezer temperature: 0°F (-18°C)
If the temperature is consistently too high despite adjusting the settings, your compressor may be weak or failing.

2. Unusual Noises from the Compressor
A properly functioning compressor should produce a low humming sound when running. If you notice:
  • Loud knocking or banging noises
  • Clicking sounds that repeat frequently
  • Buzzing noises followed by silence
  • These noises could indicate mechanical failure inside the compressor.
3. Compressor Runs Constantly
A compressor typically cycles on and off to maintain temperature. If your Sub-Zero compressor is running non-stop without cooling efficiently, this could be due to:
  • Loss of refrigerant
  • Internal damage to the compressor
  • Electrical issues
4. Frost or Ice Buildup in the Freezer
If you notice excessive frost buildup, it may be caused by a compressor that is unable to regulate pressure correctly. This often leads to overcompensation, resulting in frozen evaporator coils.

5. Warm Condenser Coils
Check the condenser coils at the back or bottom of your refrigerator. If they feel abnormally hot, the compressor may be overworking due to internal failure.

6. Error Codes on Sub-Zero Control Panel
Some Sub-Zero models display error codes when they detect system malfunctions. If you see error codes such as:
  • EC 40 (Refrigeration Slow Recovery)
  • EC 50 (High Temperature in Refrigerator)
  • It could indicate a compressor-related issue.

For Technicians: Checking System Pressure with Gauges

If you are a professional technician, an essential step in diagnosing a compressor issue is checking the refrigerant pressure using manifold gauges.
  • Low suction pressure could indicate a refrigerant leak or restriction in the system.
  • High head pressure may suggest a clogged condenser or refrigerant overcharge.
  • Balanced pressures with no cooling effect typically indicate a failed compressor that is no longer compressing refrigerant effectively.
⚠️ Note: This procedure requires specialized tools and HVAC knowledge. If you are a homeowner, it is best to consult a certified refrigeration technician for this test.

How to Confirm a Failing Compressor

Before replacing your compressor, you can perform a few diagnostic tests:

1. Listen for the Compressor Start Relay
Locate the start relay (usually on the side of the compressor).
  • If the relay clicks multiple times without the compressor starting, it may be faulty.
  • You can replace the relay first to rule out a simple fix before replacing the entire compressor.
2. Test the Compressor with a Multimeter
Unplug the refrigerator.
  • Remove the start relay and test the compressor terminals using a multimeter.
  • If the readings are infinity (OL) or do not show proper resistance, the compressor windings may be burned out.
3. Check for Refrigerant Leaks
A failed compressor can sometimes be caused by a refrigerant leak.
  • If your system is low on refrigerant, adding more will temporarily fix the issue, but it’s a sign of a deeper problem.

Finding the Right Sub-Zero Compressor Replacement

If your diagnostics confirm a failing compressor, you’ll need to find the correct replacement part for your Sub-Zero model.

🔎 Browse our collection of original Sub-Zero compressors


To ensure compatibility:

go to Sub-Zero compressors catalog

Should You Replace the Compressor Yourself?

Replacing a Sub-Zero compressor is a complex task that requires professional expertise. You’ll need to:
  1. Recover the old refrigerant (EPA regulations require proper handling).
  2. Solder and connect the new compressor.
  3. Vacuum the system and recharge with refrigerant.
If you’re not experienced in refrigeration repair, we recommend hiring a certified Sub-Zero technician to complete the replacement.

Conclusion

A faulty compressor can cause your Sub-Zero refrigerator or freezer to lose cooling efficiency, leading to spoiled food and higher energy bills. By identifying the signs early, performing basic diagnostics, and choosing the right replacement part, you can ensure your appliance continues running optimally.
For original Sub-Zero compressors and replacement parts, visit our online store: Sub-Zero Parts Catalog
If you have any questions, contact us today!

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Katie:
    How do I know if my Sub-Zero compressor is failing?
    Sub-Zero support:
    If your fridge isn’t cooling, runs non-stop, or makes unusual noises, the compressor may be failing. First, check the condenser coils and fan.
  • Katie:
    Can I test the compressor myself?
    Sub-Zero support:
    You can check for clicking sounds and test it with a multimeter, but pressure testing with gauges requires a technician.
  • Bob:
    What should I check before replacing the compressor?
    Sub-Zero support:
    Ensure clean condenser coils, a working fan, and no refrigerant leaks before replacing the compressor.
  • Bob:
    How long does a Sub-Zero compressor last?
    Sub-Zero support:
    With proper maintenance, 12-20 years.
  • Bob:
    Where can I buy a genuine Sub-Zero compressor?
    Sub-Zero support:
    Find original Sub-Zero compressors here: Shop Now
  • Bob:
    Can I replace the compressor myself?
    Sub-Zero support:
    No, it requires EPA-certified refrigerant handling. We recommend hiring a professional.
  • Katie:
    Why is my fridge still not cooling after replacing the compressor?
    Sub-Zero support:
    Possible issues: incorrect refrigerant charge, blocked capillary tube, or a faulty evaporator fan.
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